February 8, 2010
Gaming the System

Posted by Jim Lichtman | What do you think?

Just when I thought I finished covering high school cheating, I received word from former Washington Post columnist, current high school teacher Colman McCarthy about the latest scandal taking place at Winston Churchill High School in Potomac, Maryland.

According to the Post (Feb. 5) disciplinary action will be taken “...against seven students who were allegedly involved in a computer-hacking scheme in which grades were changed, according to a letter sent home Friday by the school’s principal.”

Dana Tofig, a spokesman for the school said, “It appears we have about a half-dozen students who knew what was going on, and we're trying to determine the levels of their involvement.”

However, McCarthy told me that he had heard that students not only “raised their own grades, [but allegedly] lowered the grades of kids they didn’t like and demanded money from students who wanted higher grades.”

“Tofig,” the Post continued, “said school officials think software that tracks keystrokes was put on teachers' computers via a plug-in USB device to obtain the passwords used to access the online grading system.

“The 2,100-student school has a 98 percent graduation rate, 11 points higher than Montgomery [County] as a whole. Its average SAT scores were 1820 of a possible 2400 in the 2008-09 school year, the second-highest in the county.”
 
Sadly, all those noteworthy stats get thrown into a big bucket of doubt with just some of the obvious questions the scandal raises:  How long has the grade-changing been going on?  How many students were involved?  And how many other students have been involved in other forms of cheating?

Many, including myself, wondered how college admissions officers would review students involved in such a scheme.

Sally Rubenstone who writes the “Ask the Dean” column for College Confidential, a Web site offering information to both students and parents on all aspects of finding and getting into a college, says “Typically, admission officials can be forgiving when the infraction in question falls under the ‘follies of youth’ rubric (smoking in the bathroom, sharing a beer beneath the bleachers). But offenses like this one, or any other violation that casts aspersion on the perpetrator's character, are usually deal-breakers at selective colleges.”

One of the most blatant examples of cheating was reported by The New York Times in December 2006.  “...Columbia’s Graduate School of Journalism is looking into whether students may have cheated on the final exam in... a course, [entitled] Critical Issues in Journalism. According to the school’s Web site, the course ‘explores the social role of journalism and the journalist from legal, historical, ethical, and economic perspectives,’ with a focus on ethics.”

That’s right, cheating on an ethics test!

“‘It's going to affect us for years to come,’ said [journalism student] Jack Gillum,” the Times wrote. “‘...it makes me really angry,’ he added... and does not want his degree to be devalued.’”
 
 “What's going to happen when you go for a job interview?” said Caroline Preston.

And those are only some of the negative consequences students, teachers and school officials’ face.  However, what’s worse is the apparent lack of responsibility by students and others who knew the cheating was going on and remained silent.

In the 1943 Western, The Oxbow Incident, Henry Fonda is one of a posse of men who have come across three men who, by circumstantial evidence, appear to be guilty of both cattle rustling and murder.  However, Fonda’s character is not completely convinced.  When he tries to make the case for bringing the men in and letting the Sheriff decide, the posse’s leader says, “This is only slightly any of your business!”

“Hanging’s any man’s business that’s around,” Fonda’s character tells him.

It’s the same with unethical conduct.  Ethics is everyone’s business.  If we’re ever going to change unethical conduct, all of us need to participate in the solution.

 

 

 

 


February 5, 2010
Risky II

Posted by Jim Lichtman | What do you think?

Last week, I spoke to four High School classes about the importance of honesty and trust.

As part of their take-home assignment, I asked them to answer a six question survey – part of a national survey given to High School students across the country by The Josephson Institute of Ethics. They only have to respond “Yes,” or “No.” 

1. In personal relationships, honesty and trust are essential to me.
2. It’s important for me that people trust me.
3. It’s important for me that I am a person of good character.
4. I have cheated at least once during this past year.    
5. I know someone who has cheated at least once during this year.
6. In the real world, successful people do what they have to do in order to win, even if others consider it cheating.       
                                                                       
The students overwhelming responded Yes to the first three questions (98%, 97%, 96%). However, almost 60% admitted to having cheated at least once during the year, and an overwhelming majority (93%) knew someone who has cheated.

Most unsettling is the response to the final question.  Only 20% disagree with the statement that in order to be successful you have to cheat. 

Last October (2009), The Josephson Institute of Ethics released the results of their Study on High School Character and Adult Behavior.  Among the key findings:

“The most emphatic finding is that younger generations are significantly more likely to engage in dishonest conduct than those in older cohorts:

  • “Teens 17 or under are five times more likely than those over 50 to hold the cynical belief that lying and cheating are necessary to succeed (51% v 10%).
  • “Young adults (18-24) are more than three times more likely to have inflated an insurance claim than those over 40 (7% vs. 2%) and more than twice as likely to lie to their spouse, boyfriend, girlfriend, or partner about something significant (48% v. 18%).

“Regardless of age, people who believe lying and cheating are a necessary part of success (the report calls them cynics) are more likely to lie and cheat. In fact, this belief is one of the most significant and reliable predictors of dishonest behavior in the adult world. Cynics are:

  • “Three times more likely to lie to a customer (22% vs. 7%), inflate an expense claim (13% v. 4%), or inflate an insurance claim (6% vs. 2%).
  • “More than twice as likely to conceal or distort information when communicating with their boss (24% vs. 10%).
  • “Twice as likely to lie to their spouse or significant other about something important (45% vs. 22%) or to keep change given by mistake (32% vs. 16%) and one-and-a half-times more likely to cheat on their taxes (20% vs. 13%).” 

A few responses in my own survey reflected a troubling level of cynicism.  In defining integrity, one student wrote: “Load of B.S., what gets between you and success.”  During a classroom discussion on trust, another student admitted that they would not be surprised to catch a family member or friend in a lie.

In the talks I’ve given to various organizations, it’s not unusual to come across at least one adult cynic.  However, cynicism in the young is not only heartbreaking, but calls out to all of us to work harder to change attitudes.

No one doubts that pressure on teachers, students, as well as administrators is greater than ever.  However, students need to learn to increase their awareness of the ethical dimension of choices and make a stronger commitment to making the right choices in their lives if we ever hope to see a decline in ethics-related scandals.

The task of including character education in the curriculum may not be easy, but the consequences of not including it are more troubling to consider.

 

 

 

 

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Risky Business - Feb. 3
Public Service - Feb. 1